Shingle



Dec. 26, 1939. v o. c. HALL 7 12,184,385

SHINGLE Filed Dec. 21, 41937 4 2 Sheets-Sheet l ig-z- INVENTOR U. C. HALL ATTORNEY 0. C. HALL 4 Dec. 26, 1939.

SHINGLE Filed Dec. 21,. 19s. 2 Sheets-:Sheet 2 INVENTOR' O. C. HA L L BY g j ATTORNEY Patented n... 26, 1939 SHINGLE Ocie Caleb Hall, h cago, m, minorto The Barrett Company, New York, N. Y, a corporation of New Jersey Application December :1, 1931, Serial No. 180,938

4 Claims.

This application relates to shingles and more particularly to flexible French style shingles of the interlocking type.

' Flexible felt base shingles are ordinarily packaged by superimposing a number of shingles upon each other in upper-face-to-under-face relation, appLving wooden boards to the upper and lower faces of the stack of shingles and m tying the boards together by wires extendin around the shingle package. To prevent splitting of the shingle boards and rupture of the shingle bundles, itis important that the side edges of the boards register approximately with l the shingle edges; -i. e., the boards should be of neither substantially greater nor less width than the distance between opposite shingle edges.

Hence, it will be appreciated that shingles having opposite parallel side edges with no protuberances m projecting beyond the edges may readily be packaged betweenshingle boards with opposite edges of the shingles registering with the side edges of the boards, 1. e., the edges parallel to the grain of the wood. Heretofore French style shingles of the type having a locking projection at a horizontal corner and a locking opening at a lower corner. have involved proturberances preventing packaging of the shingles between boards with opposite shingle edges registering with the side edges of the boards.

so It is an object of this invention to provide an interlocking French style shingle which may readily be packaged with other like shingles between rectangular shingle boards with two oppositeedges of the shingles registering with the a side edges of the boards.

It is a further object of the invention to pro-- vide a French style shingle, equipped with a lockv ing projection and a locking opening so that the shingles may readily be laid in properly aligned 40 relation and interlocked with adjacent shingles.-

It is a further object of the invention to provide a French style, substantially square interlocking shingle which may be out without waste from a roofing sheet and laid insecurely interlocked relation with other similar shingles.

The-shingle of this invention, preferably constituted of bitumen-saturated, bitumen-coated and mineral-surfaced felt base roofing, involves a body of generally square form provided at one horizontal corner with a downwardly extending locking projection and at the lower corner with a locking opening. shingle is provided with two parallel, substantiallynstraight side edges, one of which extends from the upper corner to the relation and packaged between wooden shingle boards with the straight parallel edges registering with the side edges of the boards. The shingle is laid in French style relation with other like shingles with its locking opening receiving the locking projection of a shingle of a previously laid course and with'an edge portion adjacent one of its horizontal'corners abutting an edge portion of an adjacent shingle of the same course; another edge portion registers with an edge portion adjacent the upper corner oi an underlying shingle. .Hence, it will be seen the shingles are readily interlocked in properly aligned relation.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and showing for purposes of exempliflcation preferred forms of this invention but without limiting'the claimed invention to such embodiments,

. Fig. 1 isa plan view of a strip of shingle material indicating a cutting layout for the shingle of Fig. 2, 7 v p v Fig. 2 is a plan view of one form of shingle embodying this invention,

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary plan of a number of shingles of Fig. 2 arranged upon a roof or other surface,

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary planvview of an assembly of three shingles before application of a fourthshingle,

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view assembled shingles.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a strip of shingle material indicating a cutting layout fora modified form of shingle,

Fig. 7'! is a perspective view illustrating a package of shingles in accordance with the invention.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary plan of a number of the shingles of Fig. 6 arranged upon a roof or other supporting structure;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged fragmentary plan showing an assembly of'three of the shingles of Fig. 6 before application of a fourth shingle,

Fig. 10 is an-enlarged fragmentary plan view illustrating the juncture of the corners of four shingles of Hg. 6 in assembled relation.

Referring to the drawings, l indicates a shingle having straight parallel sides 2 and 3 and sides 4 and i defining a substantially square body porillustrating the juncture of the corners of four horizontal corner provided with the locking pro-f" tion having two horizontal corners, an upper corner and a lower corner. It will be observed no portions of the shingle project beyond parallel side edges 2 and 3. The shingle is provided at the horizontal corner formed by the juncture of edges 2 and 5 with a downwardly extending, somewhat tapered, locking projection 6, separated irom edge 5 by notch 1, and at the lower corner with a locking opening constituted of horizontal slit 9 and vertical slits II), II extending upwardly from the ends of slit 9 at right angles thereto. It will be observed that the slits 9, I and II form a downwardly extending flap. At the upper corner of the shingle there is a notch having a horizontal edge l3.

Fig. l discloses cutting of the shingle elements of Fig. 2 from a sheet of roofing material, preferably a felt base saturated and coated with bitumensuch as. asphalt and surfaced with granular material such. as crushed slate, of a width sufficient to produce two of the elements in cutting position. It will be understood that the fabric or base from which the shingles are cut may be of any desired width, e. g., may be of a width sufilcient to produce 1, 2, 3 or more of such elements.

In Fig. 1 the longitudinal edges I6, ll of the 1 roofing sheet define the edges 2 of the shingle elements, the longitudinal cut 1 8 defines the edges 3 and staggered transverse cuts l9 form the edges 4 and 5 and the locking projections 6. The locking openings formed by slits 9, l0 and II may be produced by suitably positioned knives on the cutting rolls or other cutting apparatus.

'In applying the shingles to a roof or other surface, shingle A is laid with the locking opening adjacent its lower corner, i. e., the opening formed by the slits 9, l0 and H, receiving the downwardly extending locking projection 6 of underlying shingle B so that the locking projection underlies the flap of shingle A and with the upper portion of edge 3 abutting the lower portion of edge 2 of adjacent shingle C of the same course; portion 2| of edge 4 registers with edge if! of the notch in the upper corner of shingle B. Shingle A is then nailed at its horizontal corners to the roof deck as indicated at 26, 21. It will be observed that the shingles'arer'e'adity aligned and only two nails are required to secure each shingle to the roof deck.

Figs. 6 and 8 to 10, inclusive, depict'a somewhat modified form of shingle, which differs from the shingle, of Fig. 2 chiefly in that the notch between the locking projection 6 and the body of the shingle is of rectangular instead of triangular form. There may be also providedin the side edge 3 a small triangular notch 3| so that when the shingles are assembled, as illustrated in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, the notches 30, 3| form openings of equal size on both sides of each locking projection i so that the butts of the shingles present a symmetrical appearance. It will be observed that the shingle is substantially square and the opposite side edges 2 and 3 are substantially straight and-parallel and involve no outwardly projecting portions.

The usual shingle packaging equipment may be employed without change to. superimpose the between shingle boards 34, with the side edges 2, 3 of the shingles registering approximately with the side edges It, 31, respectively of the boards:

tie wires 38, 39 secure the shingles and boards together. The shingle boards should never be narrower than the shingles; otherwise damage from the tie wires and handling will result. The boards may be slightly wider than the shingles, a tolerance being permissible of the order of $4; inch. It is evident that registration of two opposite edges of each shingle with the side edges of the boards minimizes splitting of the boards and consequent rupture of the shingle packages and damage to the shingles in transit or handling. Furthermore, the absence of projecting shingle portions extending beyond the boundaries of the boards obviates a frequent cause of damage to the shingles. The

, projecting ends of the wooden boards are perpendicular to the grain of the wood and hence are much more resistant to breakage than the sides of the boards which are parallel to the wood grain.

Since certain changes may be made in the above shingle m'thout departing from the scope of this invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown on the accompanying drawings shall'be interpreted as i1lustra-' tive and not in a limiting sense.

I claim:

1. A flexible felt base interlocking shingle, comprising a body portion of generally square form bounded by four side edges, said shingle having an upper corner having a horizontal edge portion, a lower corner and two horizontal corners, a locking projection extending downwardly from the neighborhood of one of said horizontal corners, said shingle being provided with a locking opening located entirely within the body of said shingle in the neighborhood of said lower corner, the side edges extending respectively from the corner at which said locking projection is located to said upper corner and from said lower corner to said other horizontal corner being substantially straight and parallel so that the shingles may be packaged between rectangular shingle boards with said parallel edges of the shingles registering with f the side edges of the boards to form a shingle bundle having no portions of shingle material projecting beyond the side edges of the shingle opening receiving the locking projection of an'lo 2. A flexible felt base shingle adapted to be laid 1'55 French style in interlocking relation with other like shingles, comprising a body portion of generally square form, bounded by four side edges forming an upper corner, a lower corner and two horizontal corners, said shingle being provided in the g0 neighborhood of one of saidhorizontal corners with a downwardly extending locking projection having a side edge extending at an acute angle to the direction of the side edge of the shingle connecting said last named horizontal corne'r-withiilli said lower corner, and in the neighborhood of said lower corner with a locking opening located entirely within the body of said shingle, said shingle being adapted to he laidwith the locking projection extending downwardly and outwardly. through the locking opening of an overlying shingle, two of the side edges of said shingle being substantially parallel and devoid of portions of shingle material projecting therefrom so that said shingle may be packaged with other like shingles.

parallel side edges substantially registering with the-side edges of said boards to form a shingle package freetrom projecting protuberances of shingle material.

3. A flexible felt base interlocking shingle comprising a body portion of generally square form having an upper comer and lower corner and two horizontal corners, said shingle being bounded by four side edges connecting said corners, a locking I projection extending downwardly from the neighborhood of one of said horizontal corners, said locking projection having a side edge extending at an acute angle to the direction 0! the side edge of the shingle connecting said last named horizontal corner and said lower corner, said shingle being provided with a locking opening located entirely.

- extending downwardly and outwardly through the locking opening of a similar overlying shingle and with the horizontal side edge portion registering with the horizontal edge portion of the upper corner of an underlying shingle, the side edges extending respectively from the corner at which said locking projection is located to said upper corner and from said lower corner to said other horizontal comer being substantially straight and parallel so that the shingles may be packaged between rectangular shingle boards with said parallel edges of the shingles registering with the side edges of the boards to form a shingle bundle having no portions of shingle material projecting beyond the side edges of the shingle boards.

4..A telt base individual, substantially square interlocking shingle comprising a body portion bounded by side edges defining upper and lower corners and horizontal corners, said shingle being provided with a downwardly extending locking member adjacent one of said horizontal corners and with a locking-opening forming a downwardly extending fiapadjacent said lower corner, said locking member being adapted when the shingle is laid to extend downwardly and outwardly through the locking opening and underlie the flap of a similar overlying-shingle, two of the side edges of said shingle being substantially parallel and devoid of portions of shingle material projecting therefrom so that said shingle may be packaged with other like shingles between rectangular shingle boards with said parallel side edges substantially registering with the side edges of said shingle boards to form a shingle package free from projecting protuberances of shingle material. 

